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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from collections import Counter
def frequency(input_file: str):
data = []
frequencies = {}
# Step 1: Read the CSV file manually
with open(input_file, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
# Step 2: Parse the first line to get the headers
headers = lines[0].strip().split(';')
# Step 3: Parse the subsequent lines to get the data
for line in lines[1:]:
values = line.strip().split(';')
row_dict = {headers[i]: values[i] for i in range(len(headers))}
data.append(row_dict)
# Step 4: Compute frequencies for each discrete variable
discrete_variables = ['Street', 'Neighborhood', 'Bldg Type', 'House Style',
'Overall Qual', 'Overall Cond', 'Mo Sold', 'Yr Sold',
'Sale Type', 'Sale Condition']
for var in discrete_variables:
var_values = [row[var] for row in data]
frequencies[var] = Counter(var_values)
# Step 5: Print the frequency counts to the console
for var, freq_dict in frequencies.items():
print(f'Frequencies for {var}:')
for value, count in freq_dict.items():
print(f'{value}: {count}')
print() # Blank line for readability
def plot_frequency(input_file: str):
data = []
frequencies = {}
# Step 1: Read the CSV file manually
with open(input_file, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
# Step 2: Parse the first line to get the headers
headers = lines[0].strip().split(';')
# Step 3: Parse the subsequent lines to get the data
for line in lines[1:]:
values = line.strip().split(';')
row_dict = {headers[i]: values[i] for i in range(len(headers))}
data.append(row_dict)
# Step 4: Compute frequencies for each discrete variable
discrete_variables = ['Street', 'Neighborhood', 'Bldg Type', 'House Style',
'Overall Qual', 'Overall Cond', 'Mo Sold', 'Yr Sold',
'Sale Type', 'Sale Condition']
for var in discrete_variables:
var_values = [row[var] for row in data]
frequencies[var] = Counter(var_values)
# Step 5: Plot the frequencies using bar charts and pie charts
for var, freq_dict in frequencies.items():
labels = list(freq_dict.keys())
counts = list(freq_dict.values())
# Bar chart
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
plt.bar(labels, counts, color='skyblue')
plt.title(f'Bar Chart for {var}')
plt.xlabel(var)
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
# Pie chart
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
plt.pie(counts, labels=labels, autopct='%1.1f%%', colors=plt.cm.Paired.colors)
plt.title(f'Pie Chart for {var}')
plt.show()
def plot_histogram(input_file: str):
data = []
# Step 1: Read the CSV file manually
with open(input_file, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
# Step 2: Parse the first line to get the headers
headers = lines[0].strip().split(';')
# Step 3: Parse the subsequent lines to get the data
for line in lines[1:]:
values = line.strip().split(';')
row_dict = {headers[i]: values[i] for i in range(len(headers))}
data.append(row_dict)
# Step 4: Extract the "SalePrice" variable and convert it to numeric values
sale_prices = [int(row['SalePrice']) for row in data]
# Step 5: Plot the histogram for the "SalePrice" variable
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
plt.hist(sale_prices, bins=20, color='skyblue', edgecolor='black')
plt.title('Histogram of SalePrice')
plt.xlabel('SalePrice')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.75)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
# Example usage
#frequency('AmesHousing.csv')
# Example usage 2
#plot_frequency('AmesHousing.csv')
# Example usage 3
plot_histogram('AmesHousing.csv')

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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
def int_list(input_file: str, vars: []):
data = []
with open(input_file, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
headers = lines[0].strip().split(';')
for line in lines[1:]:
values = line.strip().split(';')
row_dict = {headers[i]: values[i] for i in range(len(headers))}
data.append(row_dict)
discrete_variables = vars
for var in discrete_variables:
var_values = [row[var] for row in data]
int_values = [int(numeric_string) for numeric_string in var_values]
return int_values
def do_stuff(input_file: str):
int_values = int_list(input_file, ['SalePrice'])
s = pd.Series(int_values)
print(f'Median: {s.median()}')
print(f'Mean: {s.mean()}')
print(f'Quartile: {s.quantile(0.25)} {s.quantile(0.75)}')
print(f'Decile: {s.quantile(0.1)} {s.quantile(0.9)}')
print()
print(f'Range: {s.max() - s.min()}')
print(f'Qartile diff: {s.quantile(0.75) - s.quantile(0.25)}')
print(f'STD: {s.std()}')
def do_stuff2(input_file: str):
print()
# plt.boxplot(int_list(input_file, ['Year Built']))
# plt.show()
# plt.boxplot(int_list(input_file, ['Year Remod/Add']))
# plt.show()
data = [int_list(input_file, ['Year Built']),int_list(input_file, ['Year Remod/Add'])]
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(11, 7))
# Creating axes instance
ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
# Creating plot
bp = ax.boxplot(data)
# show plot
plt.show()
def test():
print(int_list("AmesHousing.csv",['SalePrice, Year Built, Year Remod/Add']))
do_stuff2("AmesHousing.csv")
#test()

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>CSS einbinden</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
<style>
h2 {
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 style="background-color: blue;">Erste Überschrift</h2>
<h2>Zweite Überschrift</h2>
</body>

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<title>Übung: CSS lesen</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Cascading Stylesheets</h1>
<nav> <a href="#einleitung">Einleitung</a> | <a href="#syntax">Syntax</a> </nav>
<section id="einleitung">
<h2>Einleitung</h2>
<p>Mit Cascading Stylesheets (CSS) kann die Darstellung von HTML-Elementen definiert werden.</p>
<div class="hinweis">Hinweis: Damit unterstützt CSS die saubere Trennung zwischen Darstellung und
Inhalt/Struktur.</div>
</section>
<section id="syntax">
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<p>Eine CSS-Regel besteht aus einem Selektor und einem Deklarationsblock mit 1-n Deklarationen.</p>
<div class="hinweis">Hinweis: Deklarationen werden mit Semikolons getrennt.</div> <a
href="http://w3c.org/css">Weitere Infos im Standard...</a>
</section>
</body>
</html>

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/* Regel 1 */
h1 { color:red; }
/* Regel 2 ("text-transform: uppercase" setzt Text in Großbuchstaben) */
h1, h2 { text-transform: uppercase; }
/* Regel 3 ("text-transform: lowercase" setzt Text in Kleinbuchstaben) */
h1 h2 { text-transform: lowercase; }
/* Regel 4 */
.hinweis { background-color: lightblue; }
/* Regel 5 */
#hinweis { background-color: red; }
/* Regel 6 */
a[href^="#"] { color: green; }
/* Regel 7 */
nav a:hover {
background-color: green;
color: white;
}
/* Regel 8 ("font-style: italic" stellt Text kursiv dar) */
*[id] { font-style: italic; }

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<title>CSS-Selektoren</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h1><span class="tm">Selectors</span> Level 3</h1>
<section class="box" id="abstract">
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>
<span class="tm">Selectors</span> are patterns
that match against elements in a tree, and
as such form one of several technologies that
can be used to select nodes in an XML document.
</p>
</section>
<section class="box">
<h2><span class="tm">Selectors</span></h2>
<p>
A <span class="tm">Selector</span> represents
a structure. This structure can be used as a
condition (e.g. in a CSS rule) that determines
which elements a selector matches in the
document tree.
</p>
</section>
</body>
</html>

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/* Setzt die Farbe des Texts in allen <h1> und <h2> Überschriften auf blau */
h1 {
color: blue;
}
/* Setzt den Hintergrund der Elemente mit der Klasse "box" auf orange */
.box {
background-color: orange;
}
/* Setzt den Hintergrund des Elements mit der ID "abstract" auf rot */
#abstract {
background-color: red;
}
/* Fügt das ™-Zeichen nach jedem Element mit der Klasse "tm" hinzu */
.tm::after {
content: "™";
}

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>CSS schreiben</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Überschrift</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>background-color</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1.</td>
<td>lightblue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2.</td>
<td>white</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.</td>
<td>lightblue</td>
</tr>
</table>
<section>
<h2>Sektionsüberschrift</h2>
<p>Der erste Absatz.</p>
<p>Der zweite Absatz.</p>
<section>
<h2>Noch eine Sektionsüberschrift</h2>
<p>Der dritte Absatz.</p>
<p>Der vierte Absatz.</p>
</section>
<p>Der fünfte Absatz.</p>
</section>
</body>
</html>

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/* Tabellenkopf in roter Schrift */
th {
color: red;
}
/* Abwechselnde Zeilenfarben in der Tabelle: lightblue und white */
tr:nth-child(even) td {
background-color: lightblue;
}
tr:nth-child(odd) td {
background-color: white;
}
/* Hintergrundfarbe für die Absätze 2, 4 und 5 auf gelb setzen */
/* section > p:nth-of-type(2),
section > section > p:nth-of-type(2),
section > p:nth-of-type(3) {
background-color: yellow;
} */
/* Gelber Hintergrund für alle Absätze außer dem ersten in jeder Section */
section p:not(:first-of-type) {
background-color: yellow;
}